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      <a href="/2016/06/26/about-display/" title="CSS的display有关" itemprop="url">CSS的display有关</a>
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      <a href="https://godbasin.github.io" title="被删">被删</a>
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    <time datetime="2016-06-26T12:03:10.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2016-06-26</time>
    更新日期:<time datetime="2018-08-18T12:58:11.284Z" itemprop="dateModified">2018-08-18</time>
    
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			<strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
		<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#CSS-display属性"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">CSS display属性</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#w3c的display"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">w3c的display</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#内联元素和块状元素"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">内联元素和块状元素</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#常用的display属性"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">常用的display属性</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#block：块状元素"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">block：块状元素</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#inline：内联元素"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">inline：内联元素</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#inline-block元素"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">inline-block元素</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#其他display属性"><span class="toc-number">2.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">其他display属性</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#float浮动"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">float浮动</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">4.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
		</div>
		
		<p>上一篇主要讲<a href="/2016/06/25/about-position/">CSS的position和z-index</a>，刚好想到了display。<br>本文主要讲述块状元素和内联元素的说明，并补充float浮动相关。<br><a id="more"></a></p>
<h2 id="CSS-display属性"><a href="#CSS-display属性" class="headerlink" title="CSS display属性"></a>CSS display属性</h2><hr>
<h3 id="w3c的display"><a href="#w3c的display" class="headerlink" title="w3c的display"></a>w3c的display</h3><p>这里借用<a href="http://www.w3school.com.cn/cssref/pr_class_display.asp" target="_blank" rel="external">w3c</a>上的说明</p>
<ul>
<li>display属性规定元素应该生成的框的类型</li>
<li>这个属性用于定义建立布局时元素生成的显示框类型</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="内联元素和块状元素"><a href="#内联元素和块状元素" class="headerlink" title="内联元素和块状元素"></a>内联元素和块状元素</h3><ul>
<li>内联元素<ul>
<li>内联元素又称行内元素等，表示位于行内的元素</li>
<li>内联元素只能容纳文本或者其他内联元素，它允许其他内联元素与其位于同一行</li>
<li>内联元素的宽度高度不起作用</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>块状元素<ul>
<li>块状元素一般是其他元素的容器，可容纳内联元素和其他块状元素</li>
<li>块状元素排斥其他元素与其位于同一行</li>
<li>块状元素的宽度高度起作用</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="常用的display属性"><a href="#常用的display属性" class="headerlink" title="常用的display属性"></a>常用的display属性</h2><hr>
<h3 id="block：块状元素"><a href="#block：块状元素" class="headerlink" title="block：块状元素"></a>block：块状元素</h3><ul>
<li><p>常见的默认display: block元素</p>
<ul>
<li>div/p/h1/h2…h6/ul/ol</li>
<li>html5新元素: section/article/header/footer等</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>可容纳其他块状元素或内联元素<br>此时我们可以在block元素里添加其他块状元素和内联元素。<br>常见的就是在div内添加div/p，在p内添加a/span等。</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">a</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">a</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>排斥其他元素与其位于同一行<br>一个block元素占位一行，不管其宽度和高度多少，都不允许其他元素（包括内联元素和块状元素）与其位于同一行。<br>此时若要使多个block位于同一行，可以选择使用float浮动。后续会讲到。</p>
</li>
<li><p>宽度高度起作用<br>block元素可以设置宽度width和高度height，有效。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="inline：内联元素"><a href="#inline：内联元素" class="headerlink" title="inline：内联元素"></a>inline：内联元素</h3><ul>
<li><p>常见的默认display: inline元素</p>
<ul>
<li>a/span/i/strong/sub等</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>位于行内，即位于块状元素或者其他内联元素内<br>此时我们可以将inline元素放置于块状元素或者其他内联元素内。<br>常见的就是在p内添加a/span等。</p>
<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">a</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">a</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">span</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">span</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">p</span>&gt;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
<li><p>只能容纳文本或者其他内联元素<br>请注意，inline元素里面无法放置block元素，这也是为什么我们将div/p放在a内，在浏览器中却依然显示在外面的原因。<br>此时若要在元素内放置块状元素，可以选择设置display为block。</p>
</li>
<li><p>允许其他内联元素与其位于同一行</p>
</li>
<li><p>inline元素的宽度高度不起作用<br>即使给inline元素设置了宽高，也是无效的，这也是个常见的失误。<br>此时若要给元素设置宽高，可以选择设置display为block或者inline-block。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="inline-block元素"><a href="#inline-block元素" class="headerlink" title="inline-block元素"></a>inline-block元素</h3><ul>
<li>与inline元素相似的地方<ul>
<li>位于行内，即位于块状元素或者其他内联元素内</li>
<li>允许其他内联元素与其位于同一行</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>与block元素相似的地方<ul>
<li>可容纳其他块状元素或内联元素</li>
<li>宽度高度起作用</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>使用inline-block<br>其实，使用inline-block可以很方便解决一些问题：<ul>
<li>使元素居中<ul>
<li>考虑下面情况，在块状元素parent内添加了另外一个块状元素child</li>
<li>可以将child设置display: inline-block，同时配合parent设置text-align: center，就可以设置child在parent内横向居中</li>
<li>此时将parent的height和line-height设置相等，就可以轻松实现child在parent内纵向居中啦</li>
<li>当然child元素设置margin: auto也是可以实现横向居中的</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>inline元素a/span设置宽高<ul>
<li>考虑下面情况，我们需要给多个a元素设置为宽高一致</li>
<li>由于a元素内文字长度可能不一样，若使用padding也达不到想要的效果</li>
<li>此时将a元素设置display: inline-block，然后就可以添加有效的width和height进行设置啦</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>将多个块状元素放在一行<ul>
<li>考虑下面情况，我们需要将多个block块状元素放在一行</li>
<li>由于block元素占位一行，即使设置宽度很小，后面的元素也会出现在下一行</li>
<li>此时将块状元素设置display: inline-block，解决问题</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="其他display属性"><a href="#其他display属性" class="headerlink" title="其他display属性"></a>其他display属性</h3><ul>
<li>table/table-cell等<br>以前table也常被用来解决元素纵向居中的问题。<br>但table样式还会导致很多的问题，这里就不再一一赘述。</li>
<li>inherite<br>规定应该从父元素继承 display 属性的值。</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="float浮动"><a href="#float浮动" class="headerlink" title="float浮动"></a>float浮动</h2><hr>
<p>说到block元素，当然不能少了float浮动啦</p>
<ul>
<li>float属性<ul>
<li>float属性定义元素在哪个方向浮动</li>
<li>float属性可应用于图像，使文本围绕在图像周围</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>这里我们又得拿起文档流来讲讲了。<br>给元素的float属性赋值后，就是脱离文档流，进行左右浮动，紧贴着父元素的边框或者是上一个同级同浮动元素的边框。</p>
<ul>
<li>float与block<ul>
<li>设置float浮动的元素自动获取display: block样式</li>
<li>当一个元素浮动之后，不会影响到块级框的布局<br>如图：<br>HTML<figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span>1<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"float"</span>&gt;</span>2<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"float"</span>&gt;</span>3<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span>4<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span>5<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">"float"</span>&gt;</span>6<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>CSS<br><figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="selector-tag">div</span> &#123; <span class="attribute">border</span>: solid <span class="number">1px</span> red; <span class="attribute">width</span>: <span class="number">50px</span>; <span class="attribute">height</span>: <span class="number">50px</span>; &#125; </div><div class="line"><span class="selector-class">.float</span> &#123; <span class="attribute">float</span>: left; &#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/KSQKV%7D%253L%25Z6XE_C4FWXCRI.png" alt="image"></p>
<ul>
<li>float与inline-block<ul>
<li>当一个元素浮动之后，会影响内联框（通常是文本）的排列和布局</li>
<li>float浮动若未指明宽度会尽可能地窄，而inline-block元素会带来空白问题</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>如图：<br>CSS(给div添加display=inline-block)<br><figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="selector-tag">div</span> &#123; <span class="attribute">border</span>: solid <span class="number">1px</span> red; <span class="attribute">width</span>: <span class="number">50px</span>; <span class="attribute">height</span>: <span class="number">50px</span>; <span class="attribute">display</span>: display: inline-block;&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/O1%297R8%7BZ%7DAH%25C0F%28U%25M%7D8XX.png" alt="image"></p>
<ul>
<li><p>float撑开父元素的方法<br>本属于普通流中的元素浮动之后，包含框内部由于不存在其他普通流元素了，也就表现出高度为0（高度塌陷）<br>相信使用float的童鞋们都遇到过父元素高度塌陷的问题，这是因为浮动元素不占位的问题引起的。本骚年用过的解决办法如下：</p>
<ul>
<li>父元素使用overflow: hidden（此时高度为auto）<br>父元素overflow:hidden后，首先会计算height: auto的真实高度，由于其触发了BFC，需要包含子元素，所以高度不是0，而是子元素高度。<ul>
<li>这里补充BFC的三个特性</li>
<li>1.BFC会阻止垂直外边距（margin-top、margin-bottom）折叠</li>
<li>2.BFC不会重叠浮动元素</li>
<li>3.BFC可以包含浮动</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>使父元素也成为浮动float元素<br>将父容器也改成浮动定位，这样它就可以带着子元素一起浮动了</li>
<li>使用clear清除浮动<br>在浮动元素后方加入clear: both的元素，就可以清除浮动撑开父元素<ul>
<li>简述clear原理</li>
<li>在样式中添加clear:right，理解为不允许右边有浮动元素，由于上一个元素是浮动元素，因此该元素会自动下移一行来满足规则</li>
<li>添加clear:both，则可以清除左右两边的浮动了</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>参考<br><a href="http://www.jb51.net/css/67471.html" target="_blank" rel="external">《浮动从何而来 我们为何要清除浮动 清除浮动的原理是什么》</a> </p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="结束语"><a href="#结束语" class="headerlink" title="结束语"></a>结束语</h2><p>虽然说这些很简单也很基础的东西，但对于写页面的时候解决各种不明bug和现象很有帮助的哦。</p>
  
		
		<p style="margin-top:50px;">查看Github有更多内容噢：<a href="https://github.com/godbasin">https://github.com/godbasin</a></p>
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	<p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;">码生艰难，写文不易，给我家猪囤点猫粮了喵~</p>
	<div class="author-right">
  		<p>作者：被删</p>
  		<p>出处：<a href="https://godbasin.github.io">https://godbasin.github.io</a></p>
  		<p>本文版权归作者所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。</p>
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